Saving across the generations/ Children's pensions

George Osborne's Autumn Statement at the beginning of December 2012 bought into sharp focus the way pension contributions have be made, the falling limits of future contribution levels and also the maximum levels of pension 'pots' that can be accrued before penal tax charges would be applied.

This last point noted refers to the pension 'Lifetime Allowance' (or LTA for short) currently standing at £1.5m of total pension value (already fallen from £1.8m), to a new proposed level of £1.25m in the tax year 2014/2015. As an example, benefits that are crystallised in this tax year at a greater value than £1.5m (without existing protection arrangements) could see the balance taxed at a level of up to 55%.

Based on recent economic times, many people in their middle years only dream of having a total pension pot value of £1.5 or £1.25m at retirement. And it is this point that I have received the most client comment, referring to their own situations of probably 'only' achieving a total pension value of 'say' half this LTA value, and then promptly referring to their children who they fear may not even get close to half their parents half.

This has prompted me to remind various clients that they can start pensions for their children at very young ages and put money away into this for their futures. The contribution would normally be limited to a maximum gross contribution of £3,600 in a tax year, with basic rate tax relief bringing this down to a net contribution of £2,880 for the year. Conveniently, this net amount could also fall outside the donor’s estate for inheritance tax purposes as a gift using the annual gift allowance of (currently) £3,000 per annum.

The pension contributions made for the child and the tax relief, which the insurer will reclaim from the Revenue, are invested in a fund which grows in a tax efficient manner.

It is important that you are aware that the value of the pension as well as any income which they generate can fall as well as rise and that past performance is not a guarantee of the future. If you surrender the contract, especially during the early years, you may get back less than you have invested.

In my opinion, the main factor is not the contribution level, but the duration of time for investment that may have the biggest impact. With the minimum age that pension benefits can be drawn now increased to age 55, a child aged 10 has at least 45 years (currently) before they could draw pension benefits. It is this accumulation time that is likely to see significant value being accrued for a child's future use and benefit.

No individual advice has been provided in the content of this blog, and if you would like to consider this opportunity, then please let us know at our office in Guildford. As you can see, saving in a tax efficient way across the generations is something many parents are considering, fuelled by their concerns for their offspring’s financial futures.

Keith Churchouse FPFS
Director
Chartered Financial Planner
ISO 22222 Certified Financial Planner
Chapters Financial Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority, number 402899.

The Autumn Statement 2012

It was a busy day at Westminster on Wednesday 05th December with the numerous announcements and changes to the many rules and regulations that maintain the UK Governments fiscal policy. As the saying goes 'the devil is in the detail' of these Budget changes, with additional tax and allowances being taken on one hand and given back or withdrawn (such as the planned 3p (approximate) fuel tax rise in January 2013) on the other.

From a financial planning perspective, there are some headlines that will be of interest (with some benefits and concerns) to our clients and enquirers and I have listed some of these changes below. This is not an exhaustive list, but provides many relevant points that you may want to consider:

Capital Gains Tax (CGT) Increase

The current allowance of £10,600 (2012/2013) will increase by 1% the tax year start 2014, rising to £11,100 by tax year 2015/2016.

ISA Allowance Increase

The current allowance of £11,280 will increase by 1% to £11,520 from the tax year start 2013.

Pension Annual Allowance Reduction

The maximum annual pension contribution in a pension input period (PIP) will fall from £50,000 (from all sources) to £40,000 from tax year start 2014/2015.

This is likely to have significant effect on higher earners and those with members of final salary pension schemes with higher annual incomes.

Pension Lifetime Allowance Limit Reduction

The current Lifetime Allowance Limit (LTA) is falling from its current limit of £1.50m to £1.25m from the start of the tax year 2014/2015.

This is likely to haves significant effect on higher earners who have long service within a final salary arrangement or large private pension arrangements. A point of note is that a transitional 'fixed protection' regime will be introduced for those who understand that they may be affected by the reduction in the lifetime allowance (LTA).

Pension Income Drawdown Maximum Withdrawal Limit

Originally the maximum ‘drawdown’ limit was 120% of the Government Actuarial Departments (GAD) limit that could be approximately achieved through averaged single life annuity rates. This fell to 100% about 18 months ago, sadly at a time when annuity rates were continuing to fall.

As soon as legislation will allow, the original limit of 120% is being restored, which will be of interest to those who have seen their maximum withdrawals fall significantly in recent times.

Income Tax Personal Allowance Increase

The Personal Allowance for the tax year 2013-14 will increase to £9,440 and the basic rate limit will be set at £32,010.

The increase in the higher rate threshold will be capped at 1% for tax years 2014-15 and 2015-16.

Inheritance Tax Nil Rate Band Allowance Increase

The current Inheritance Tax nil rate band allowance for an individual of £325,000 will increase to £329,000 from tax year start 2015/2016.

Summary

These are only examples of some of the changes that may be of interest to you when considering your financial planning for the future. Because of the scope of the changes and because each client is advised individually, no individual advice is provided in the content of this Blog.

More details of the Autumn Statement changes can be found at the HMRC website here:
http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/budget-updates/march2012/autumn-statement-dec2012.htm

Chapters Financial Limited is not responsible for the content of external webpages.

If you would like to consider your own financial planning further then please contact Chapters Financial Limited through our website or on 01483 578800.

Keith G Churchouse FPFS

Director
ISO22222 Certified Financial Planner, Chartered Financial Planner Chapters Financial Limited

Chapters Financial Limited is Authorised and Regulated by the Financial Services Authority, number 402899.

The importance of regular financial reviews

For some, pension and investment planning are both fascinating and dynamic in the way that various factors can be applied to provide the overall balance required. Others do not find this topic so consuming, although this does not alleviate the need to regularly review existing financial arrangements to ensure that they continue to meet your expectations.

In many cases, this can be viewed from two specific angles, detailed below:

The Tax Wrapper Angle

Like many issues, tax legislation rarely stands still for long, changing with budgets or possibly amended in Autumn Statements.

It will be interesting to see what our Chancellor achieves in this month’s Autumn Statement. Reviewing the tax wrapper being used (or available) in a pension or investment is worthwhile to ensure, where possible and prudent, that tax allowances are being used efficiently. Headline examples might be this year’s ISA allowance (£11,280) or annual gift allowance (£3,000) for IHT purposes, with many focussing on this later note as we approach the festive Christmas season. There are other less well known (or well used) allowances that can be overlooked, but may remain effective for you and your family’s financial planning. An example might be pension funding (usually to a limit of £3,600 gross in a year) for children. This example might seem an unusual idea, but the effects of very early pension funding for an individual can be significant.

Another great example of change in legislation, in this case in the provision of financial advice, is the ending of commission and a move to fee based advice and implementation from January 2013. This may have an effect on the way you take and pay for future advice. We have detailed this change in previous Blogs on this Chapters Financial website.

The Investment Angle

If you hold existing invested assets, you will have made decisions about the level of investment risk you are prepared to accept and confirmed your objectives for growth, income or possibly both, among many other points. The same would apply for new money being added, taking into account existing arrangements, your expectations and the diversity you expect. Investment markets and fund/ asset allocations usually move constantly, and it is possible to see past/ historic decisions of how you want an Investment Bond (as an example) to be balanced changing because of market movements. Your own circumstance and tolerance for investment risk may have changed from previous times and the current allocation may now be different from the preferred choice. You may, an example, have moved from an accumulation phase for your investments to a required income phase. This could usually be referenced at the time of retirement.

Regular Financial Review

A regular review allows the previous decisions to be considered and challenged to ensure that your existing holdings meet with your expectations and anticipated aspirations. If required, fund switches are usually easy and cheap to arrange and this planning can be used to change asset allocations to meet your on-going requirements and to reflect views of future investment opportunities.

Personal needs may have changed where capital or income may need to be released from existing holdings to meet a specified requirement and reviewing diversified holdings to see where best to release gains ( if available, possibly using tax allowances, such as the Capital Gains Tax (CGT) allowance/currently £10,600 2012/2013) is usually worthwhile and recommended.

Summary

Each client is an individual and we will provide financial planning advice on this basis. Therefore, no individual advice has been provided during the course of this Blog. The team at Chapters Financial Limited will be pleased to help you with your own individual requirements and to review and make recommendations for your existing arrangements.

 

Keith G Churchouse, Director
Chartered Financial Planner
ISO 22222 Certified Financial Planner

Chapters Financial Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority, number 402899.

Where it stops, nobody knows!

It's been an interesting few weeks in various investment markets. With much optimism in the lead up to the American election and with President Obama safely re-installed into the White House, the hangover from the party seems to have set in. With various hopes and fears once again emerging from Europe, there seem to be many 'jitters' in a few of the major financial indexes. Overall, the markets have remained relatively constant over the last 6 months, and using the example of the FTSE 100 (not always the best measure) as a reasonable UK local market equity index, we can see the results.

We can see that from 01 May 2012, the index stood at 5,812.20 and by 10 November 2012 this had moved to 5,769.70. For additional past reference, the FTSE 100 stood at:

Date	FTSE 100 Index Value
10 November 2011	5,444.80
10 November 2010	5,816.90
10 November 2009	5,230.50
10 November 2008	4,403.90

Approximate Figures (Source uk.finance.yahoo.com)

You will note from these results that past performance is no guarantee of future performance and that fund values can fall as well as rise.

I am sure that within the next 4-6 weeks we will see the usual seasonal speculation as to where the FTSE 100 index will be at the end of 2013. I have to admit that I think that 'UK Plc' looks in far better condition, with its various austere fiscal policies, to face the significant and continuing challenges that I believe the global economy has to share with its many contributors over 2013 and beyond. Bearing in mind that the highest peak of the FTSE100 (on 30 December 1999/ 6,930.20 points) was now some 13 years ago (although it got close again to this level in late 2007), it does raise the question as to when the current Index 'value' mould that we have become very accustomed too will be broken, if at all.

Only time will tell, however, it is interesting to note (although not a direct comparison) that the American Dow Jones Index's highest point in past years was 14,164.53 points (09 October 2007) and this was nearly reached again in 2012 (13,610.15 points at 13 October 2012). With the fears of a post-election 'Fiscal Cliff' looming (seems to be the latest buzz phrase) I am pleased to see that this past index high milestone has been approached again in such an economic climate.

Is it time for the UK and its various Indices to do the same. As the title suggests, 'Where it stops.........'

Past performance is not a guarantee of future performance. Fund values can fall as well as rise and are not guaranteed. No individual advice or fund recommendation has been provided in the content of this Blog.

Chapters Financial Limited can help you with your savings and investment allocation and planning.

Keith G Churchouse, Director
Chartered Financial Planner
ISO 22222 Certified Financial Planner
Chapters Financial Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority, number 402899.

Active or Passive Funds, which is best?

Investing funds for your future can prove to be a minefield for those who do not take suitable advice. Chapters Financial hope that through our informed processes, we are able to educate enquirers in investment planning and what can be achieved and possibly, more importantly, which investment styles can be used. As an example, some investors are not aware of the difference, or even the existence, of active and passive investment funds. You may have spotted the long list of funds listed in the financial sections of the weekend newspapers and the Broadsheets during the week.

So what are these active and passive funds and what might you want to consider?

• What do they do with your money?
• How do they differ?
• How can their performance be measured?

Active Fund examples

Active funds are, as the name suggests, actively managed by professional fund managers who make decisions on the individual holdings within the overall fund.

Invariably, they will be buying, and selling, different shares / gilts / commodities / etc. based on what they believe to exhibit the most, or least if selling, value at the time within their chosen sector. It could be suggested that you are effectively buying the expertise, skill and experience of fund manager’s team you are investing in, along with the assets of the fund. You are paying for this skill, expertise and experience within the fund’s Annual Management Charge (AMC/ known as On-going Charge in many investments). Investments are usually made for a return and the payback you wish to see for your decision is that your investment return is good (and some ‘benchmark’ their return against a corresponding index for comparison purposes). This benchmarking should demonstrate that the fund, and correspondingly the investment fund manager, is outperforming its peers (or not) within the marketplace.

Passive Fund examples

Conversely, passive funds are not (as you may have already guessed by now) actively managed.

They usually aim to track an chosen index, or benchmark, by being invested in a ‘basket’ of holdings which are designed to closely replicate the index, or benchmark, to varying degrees of accuracy depending on the type of passive fund. This ‘basket of holdings’ (usually unit holdings) is not changed unless the index, or chosen benchmark, is changed. One example of an index is the FTSE100 which is comprised of the top 100 leading companies listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). A FTSE100 Tracker Fund will buy shares in the FTSE100 companies and it will be unlikely to amend the basket of FTSE100 company shares unless certain companies fall in and out of the FTSE100 list. Due to less analysis, fewer transactions, minimised administration and reduced manpower required for passive funds the Annual Management Charges (AMC) tend to be lower than the Active funds noted above.

Benchmarking

Some investors prefer to have a measure to judge performance of their fund against the area they are targeting, such as Growth or a Stock Market, such as the FTSE, as examples. For Private Investors, one reasonable tool that can be used is APCIMS (Association of Private Client Investment Managers) FTSE benchmarks. There is a range available and a link to these can be found below:
http://www.ftse.com/Indices/FTSE_APCIMS_Private_Investor_Index_Series/index.jsp

Which to go for?

One question often posed is ‘why not just buy passive funds only to keep costs down you may ask?’
Although the costs of fund management are important and should be considered carefully, the answer is reasonably simple. If you are trying to achieve better returns than a chosen index or benchmark, then passive funds are highly unlikely to ever achieve this index return. Why? Due to the fact that the index, or benchmark, will not be reduced by the Annual Management Charge made to your fund and therefore the index return should always be greater.

It could then be suggested that the higher charges applied by an actively managed fund will require the investment to work harder to achieve the same return achieved in a passive fund/investment. There is some mileage in this argument, but without the constraints of an index to adhere to, this usually gives the manager a greater range and flexibility of investment choices. Some would argue that smaller funds can be more agile than larger funds, but without being tied to a (potentially) restrictive index, the scope of the manager for investment and, most importantly, returns should be increased.

Chapters Financial usually prefers actively managed funds, however a mixture of both active and passive funds can be used to great effect to generate capital growth (or income or both) depending upon the clients risk profile, objectives and timescale. Benchmarking, as noted above, may be a way of way of helping measure the success of this investment planning strategy.

Investment is about clients’ needs and desires for their money and its future. Any financial/investment planning should be based on your objectives and attitude to investment risk. For reference, an Investment Risk Schedule can be found on the Chapters Financial website here.

As you would expect, no individual investment/planning advice has been provided during the content of this Blog. This is because each client’s needs are individual and so is their planning. Chapters Financial Limited would be pleased to help you with your investment planning, in all its many formats, into the future, continuing to provide the independent financial advice (IFA) into 2013 and beyond.

Past performance is not a guarantee of future performance. Fund values can fall as well as rise. Chapters Financial is not responsible for the content of external Website links.

Simon Hewitt BSc (Hons) DipPFS, Financial Planner
Chapters Financial Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority, number 402899.

If I was starting again, would I start from here? / Asset Allocation

I am often asked when I think that we will come out of recession and return to the ‘good old days’ prior to banking crisis’ and alike. Do I think the economic world is better or worse for the recession? My simple answer is ‘neither, it’s just different!’ I think that the current economy and its somewhat marginal growth will continue for some years to come and that this is ‘as good at it gets’ for the foreseeable future. I hope I am wrong, but if not, managing expectations and working within the confines of what we can influence is always a good place to start.

Noting the above, that does not mean that profit from investments cannot be achieved and we are all very aware that investment markets have changed significantly following the volatility of recent years. This has seen (possibly) differing questions being asked, such as ‘Are Gilts riskier than Equities (Shares)?’

It seems to make sense that there would be shorter-term periods when equity markets are less risky than the long-run would suggest. I also think this is what some commentators are driving at when they ask ‘are gilts riskier than equities?’ I think they are suggesting equity markets are less risky than normal at the same time that gilts are more risky than normal. However, the notion of prospective riskiness is closely tied to notions of current value. If equity markets are over-priced there is an increase in the associated level of prospective risk and vice versa.

Considering this further, it is really very difficult to quantify just how risky equity markets are or when they might be more or less risky than usual. It is this uncertainty that goes right to the heart of ‘riskiness’.

The question gives rise to the notion that investors have a choice, either investing in equities or, alternatively, going for gilts. This is a false choice and one that relies too much on market forecasts. The sensible approach is to maintain holdings of both equity and gilts for diversification. Confidence is high that gilts will go up in value in the event that equities go down in value. In a similar way, there is confidence that equities will go up in value when gilts go down in value. Choosing one area over the other is to put yourself at risk of trying to forecast returns, and this may not be a sensible tactic.

Diversification remains the Key

We have, over the years, advocated asset allocation and diversification of funds (within all investment arenas, such as pensions, ISAs, Investments, Trusts, OEICs & Unit Trusts) to ensure that opportunities for investment growth and income are achieved. We will continue to achieve this with our clients (Individuals/SMEs/Charitable Trust) and enquirer’s needs. Any financial/investment planning should be based on your objectives and attitude to investment risk. An Investment Risk Schedule can be found on the Chapters Financial website here.

No individual advice has been provided during the content of this Blog and Chapters Financial Limited can help you with your investment planning, in all its many formats, into the future, continuing to provide the independent financial advice (IFA) into 2013 and beyond.

Past performance is not a guarantee of future performance. Fund values can fall as well as rise.

Keith Churchouse, FPFS, Chartered Financial Planner, ISO22222 Personal Financial Planner

Chapters Financial Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority, number 402899

Who said regulation would reduce??

I am not sure that I have ever known a quarters time period (the one coming at the end of 2012) when so much regulation and legislation comes into being in the UK retail financial services world. I have nearly lost track of all of the changes and I have summarised these headlines below for your consideration. Some of these changes may not have a direct impact on your circumstances, but it is always interesting how changes work their way through the various systems and manifest themselves later down the line.

This is not an exhaustive list, but gives an indicative feel of some of the differences we will experience in the near future.

Workplace Pensions / Auto-Enrolment start in October 2012

The first wave of large UK businesses are now enroling for Workplace Pensions (sometimes called Auto-Enrolment), with ‘Staging Dates’ declared for all employers, starting with the largest companies and working through to the smallest over the coming four years or so.

With Workplace Pensions now implemented at the start of October 2012, knowing what is required for your business and planning what resources (both time and contributions) need to be deployed should be a priority in making sure that your business is ready to meet the requirements of this new legislation. The Pensions Regulators website is very helpful in detailing these staging dates as they are known, and there is a link to this detail from our website, www.chaptersfinancial.com.

Equalisation of Annuity/Insurance rates between the sexes in late December 2012

In March 2011, there was much press about a European Law being passed (now called Test-Achats European Court Ruling) about abandoning the differential between male and female rates for insurance (and alike) risks/terms. My understanding is that their ruling (and I am not a lawyer) is based on the argument that the current gender based regime is discriminatory because there is overlap between men and women in the ages at which most people die. Obviously, there are opposing views to this argument and its subsequent studies and the European Court would rule accordingly on 01 March 2011, which has now been confirmed.

The now confirmed ruling is due to take effect in December (21st) of 2012 and the hullabaloo that kicked off all those months ago soon died down because its real effects would not be felt until months later. Time has now passed and those months are now turning into weeks, with I am sure much media ‘verbage’ to commence in the very near future.

End of Commission Sales for Financial Advice from end December 2012

The Financial Services Authority's (FSA) Retail Distribution Review (or RDR for short) has been many months and years in the planning and will be implemented at the very end of 2012.

Consumers need to be aware that these regulation changes and their effects on the delivery of UK retail financial services to the public will be significant. The FSA has started a process of raising the profile of the changes and we have also started to see the press joining in the process. I have no doubt that there will be much page space allocated to the topic over the autumn and winter months of 2012. It is important that those seeking financial advice know what these changes mean for them and the choices they will be provided into the future.

The FSA has produced a consumer information document as a guide to the changes and to start the process of educating those seeking financial advice of what to expect in the future. This can be found at the following web-link here: http://www.fsa.gov.uk/static/pubs/consumer_info/rdr-consumer-guide.pdf

Change of the Financial Services Authority (FSA) to the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) from January 2013

I am sure we will see a lot more publicity of this change as it gets closer. In June 2010 the Government announced new regulatory arrangements for the future. These include the creation of the Financial Conduct Authority (or FCA for short), which plans to apply a new approach to consumer protection, building on existing changes already instigated, but taking them still further. The changes will see the Financial Policy Committee (FPC), within the Bank of England, being responsible for protecting the stability of the financial system as a whole and macro-prudential regulation. The Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) as it will become known, will be a subsidiary of the Bank of England, with the responsibility of supervising deposit takers, insurers and a small number of significant investment firms.

The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) will be responsible for regulating conduct in retail and wholesale markets, supervising the trading infrastructure that supports those markets.

I am sure we will hear much more on this subject in the coming weeks as the changes come to fruition.

Summary

Change usually generates opportunity and I am sure that this will be the case for some of the points and changes noted above. We live in interesting times and we will continue to work with you and changes in legislation to meet our clients and enquirers requirements. No individual advice has been provided during the content of this Blog and Chapters Financial Limited can help you with your financial planning, in all its many formats, into the future, continuing to provide the independent financial advice enjoyed by our clients since 2004.

We look forward to working with you into 2013 and beyond.

Chapters Financial is not responsible for the content of external webpages.

Keith Churchouse, FPFS, Chartered Financial Planner, ISO22222 Personal Financial Planner

Chapters Financial Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority, number 402899.

Half-Time! for the tax year 2012/2013....Using Annual Allowances

The tax year starts on the 06th April each year and this is usually a busy time in UK retail financial services. The last minute pension and Individual Savings Account (ISA/Maximum £11,280 in 2012/2013) deposits are invested in time to use the annual allowance before the opportunity is lost. Many also look at any potential gains that have been made during the year to see if, where applicable, capital gains tax allowances (£10,600) can be used.

As we approach the halfway point of this tax year (2012/2013), we normally suggest that these annual allowances where unused, are visited to see if now is a good time to use them up? The gain for Chapters Financial is that we are spreading the years’ workload, but the gain for our clients to look for opportunities that may or may not be there when that annual tax year end rush occurs.

An example might be the recent rise in equity values/markets (past performance is not a guarantee of future performance and fund values can fall as well as rise and are not guaranteed) where gains on existing Unit Trust/Open Ended Investment Companies (OEICs) may be available and could efficiently be taken to use up the current capital gains tax allowance of £10,600. If you have capital losses available that could be bought forward, these may be used at the same time, however, we would recommend that you check this addition with your Accountant before proceeding. If you have not used your ISA allowance in this tax year and a gain is taken, you may choose to re-invest some of these proceeds into an ISA, up to the maximum of £11,280 in 2012/2013. If your spouse/partner has not used their allowance, this may provide an additional tax efficient opportunity.

Reviewing pension contributions is always worthwhile (standard limit £50,000 gross contribution pa/ total employer/employee) and it is not uncommon for Director/Managers to make single top-up contributions to pensions at this time of year. This timing may also be a reflection of their business year ends. 

As you can see from the notes above, a mid-year review may well be worthwhile in looking at the opportunities that may present themselves as we start the autumn 2012 season.

No individual advice has been provided during the content of this Blog and Chapters Financial Limited can help you with your tax year annual allowance planning both now and throughout the tax year(s).

We look forward to working with you. 

Keith Churchouse, FPFS, Chartered Financial Planner, ISO22222 Personal Financial Planner

Chapters Financial Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority, number 402899.

Have you prepared for your life-stages?

As we approach the end of what some called summer 2012 (weather excluded) we saw many sporting events with athletes and competitors striving to achieve 'Gold' in their many and varied disciplines. Closer to home, I attended a party to celebrate my parents 50th and Golden Wedding Anniversary. Many congratulations to them on such a great achievement.

In mingling with the fellow well-wishers, I was able to catch up with many faces that I had not seen for many years and to note a few who were no longer with us, along with some tales of wellbeing and, sadly, ill health. It was a diverse group, young and old, and it was interesting to witness the change and development in the lives of each I spoke to. One attendee commented on this very point, noting that he was now, possibly unwillingly, the head of the family and that time was passing so fast that he, like many at the party, have had to step up to the mark as your time comes. Many readers of this blog will already know this experience. However, it is still interesting to see such a 'snapshot' in one evening.

The needs and reliance of each member on each other within each unit was clear and the next morning, as the nights memories came back into view, in made me think about the importance and benefit that insurance protection, in all its forms, really can provide to ensure that financial security can be maintained when life throws a 'spanner in the works'.

For reference, I have listed below what should be considering ensuring both you and your loved ones are protected properly. 

Life Assurance

The first, most obvious protection that those with a dependent family to protect should think about having in place is Life Assurance. In the event of death, I am sure that you would want any mortgage/liabilities repaid, and leave a balance to provide capital/income to the family to see them through into the future after their loss. Don't forget to think about your spouse or partner and ensuring that they are adequately covered. 

Life cover can be provided as a lump sum or in the format of a set 'income' paid each year for a set term (Decreasing Term Assurance). This latter option can sometimes reduce monthly premiums paid. 

You might want to see what cover your employer (if you have one) offers as a Death-in-service benefit (DISB). Some also use this type of cover to protect against the effects of inheritance tax (IHT) on their estate in the event of their death. 

If you take on life cover, you can usually write this in trust to ensure that the proceeds fall outside your estate (for inheritance tax purposes (IHT)) and available without recourse to Probate. This should mean that the proceeds of the policy are available quickly. Most insurance companies will offer a Trust wording free of charge. If you have an existing policy, you can usually still add a Trust to the plan and this is usually worthwhile considering.

Income Protection/Replacement

If you were unable to work due to ill health, do you know how long you could survive financially? Have you thought about it? You may have emergency deposit savings (possibly 3-6 months’ income) to see you through this unexpected (and unwelcome) experience, but thereafter, what happens? Have you checked recently what, if you have one, your employer’s policy on protecting their staff is? It is possible to put in place an Income Protection plan, sometimes known as a PHI (Permanent Health Insurance) policy. This is arranged to pay an agreed level of income in the event of inability to work due to ill health until a fixed age (say 60-65 as examples) after a waiting period (benefit will only be paid after this time). The waiting period (selected at outset) is usually 8-13-26-52 weeks and the longer the waiting period the lower the premium paid per month. You can also build other options into this type of plan, such as protection against the effects of inflation, as one example.

Critical Illness Protection

The thought of contracting a critical illness can always be a concern and this type of cover should be seen as a compliment to Permanent Health Insurance rather than an alternative because they work in different ways. If you decide only to take one type of cover then speak to your Independent Financial Adviser (IFA) or Chapters Financial Limited about the differences and your requirements.

A Critical Illness policy (CIP) pays a lump sum (usually after a period of 28 days from diagnosis) on diagnosis of a critical illness. The 'devil can be in the detail' in this type of plan on the conditions that are covered. In our experience, the existing older plans see broader definitions and this can make these types of plan valuable. You will usually set an end date for the cover (again this maybe 60-65) and a sum assured, the lump sum you would like to receive, in the event of diagnosis of a critical illness.

Private Medical Insurance (PMI)

This type of cover, as the name suggests, provides financial protection for medical costs in the event that medical care is needed. Some employers offer this to their staff part of their benefits package and this is a taxable benefit in kind if received. The plans usually have an 'excess' level, an amount that you have to pay before the policy will, and this can vary. The higher the excess will usually see the lower initial premium paid.

Summary

You can see that there are various options (and combinations of cover) available to those who are at a life-stage where protection is needed, both for their own financial security and that of their family/loved ones. 

No individual advice has been provided during the course of this blog and when you are considering your needs or reviewing your existing arrangements then please seek professional independent financial advice (IFA) for your needs and requirements. Chapters Financial Limited would be pleased to help you assess your needs, the cover you need and make appropriate recommendations.

We look forward to working with you. 

Keith G Churchouse, Chartered Financial Planner
Director, Chapters Financial Limited
Chapters Financial Limited is Authorised and Regulated by the Financial Services Authority. Number 402899

The Financial Services Authority does not regulate Trust documentation.

Changing Market Conditions & Corporate Bonds

In this modern age of information, it is easy to become ambivalent of the ever growing numbers of financial headlines and articles that skip across your computer and iPod every day. As an example, we have all lived and breathed the recession and financial crisis’s that have affected the very core of our financial understanding and acumen over the last 5 years. It is this last point that made me stop and think. The BBC headlined ‘Reflecting on the credit crunch five years on’ on the 09th August 2012, confirming the start of the Credit Crunch on the same day in summer 2007 and some were advising that ‘a correction in the markets was expected, not “a total meltdown”’.
Was this a correct statement to make? Looking back over what has been a highly turbulent economic period, and reading some of the headlines from the media, you would think it was wrong. However, to challenge this, I would ask the following question:
Is the world and its economic areas/opportunities better or worse for this 5 year crisis/recession?
I think the answer is neither. It is just different.
Most individual investment areas have seen significant changes in fortune over the last 5 years. Examples could range from deposit/cash fund returns seeing now increasing returns against a backdrop of falling Bank of England Base Rates. The Commercial Property sector seeing a negative (and very rapid) capital value correction at the end of 2008 and recently, questions in the press over the continued liquidity in the Corporate Bond market.
Looking at the Corporate Bond market further, I am not overly concerned about increased liquidity problems in the corporate bond market. That is because I am conscious that liquidity comes and goes – it is a feature of the capital markets and it is especially a feature of the corporate bond market – and I factor these roving liquidity conditions into my expectations.
Of course there are debt instruments that are associated with high levels of liquidity, even in the very worst of financial markets. Those are the sovereign bonds of the major nations, including gilts. If you’ve reduced your exposure heavily here in favour of corporate bonds then, in these circumstances, I would have some concerns. I must stress though, I am not forecasting any imminent problems with the corporate bond market in isolation.
When reviewing an individual’s asset allocation of their investments and pensions, it is important to understand that Investors should hold risky assets only in the proportions that they would be comfortable to hold for the duration of a significant downturn. We can help you understand this process to allow you to invest to a risk level that suits you. Clients should not be holding risky assets in the hope that they’re not going to be risky while they hold them. If the aggregated risk and return characteristics of an investor’s portfolio are suitable for the individual investor, then Corporate Bonds could continue to remain a suitable investment vehicle.
Past performance is not a guarantee of future performance
At Chapters Financial, we have been successfully offering a fee-based model for over 5 years now and plan to continue to offer high quality independent financial advice into the future for both our existing clients and our new enquirers. Because each consumer is different, as is their financial planning needs, no individual advice has been provided in this Blog.
Keith G Churchouse, Chartered Financial Planner
Director, Chapters Financial Limited

Chapters Financial Limited is Authorised and Regulated by the Financial Services Authority. Number 402899

The Cobblers Shoes/ Making or updating your Will

I understand that the saying of the ‘Cobblers shoes’ refers to a Cobbler who turned out fantastic shoes for his customers, but always forgot to shod himself and his family well. There are many ‘life issues’ that come along which some apply the ‘Cobblers shoes’ to. Making or reviewing an existing Will is usually a good example.

I always maintain that there are a few basic financial planning cornerstones that need to be addressed before making use of various planning techniques. Maintaining an emergency deposit fund of 3-6 months’ income to meet any unforeseen demands is one and making (and keeping up to date) a will is another good example, along with trying to enter retirement debt free/mortgage free/repaid.

Referring again to the ‘Cobblers Shoes’ analogy, it has been some years since I reviewed my old will and it is amazing how time flies and both legislation and circumstances change. The original document certainly did not reflect the life changes that had occurred since the original document was finalised and witnessed. A good quality solicitor was employed and a new document, now reflecting my requirements, has been established. I would recommend that you consider the same action if you have not done so for a few years. You might want to make changes to reflect changes in your circumstances, such as the addition of grandchildren or, sadly, the loss of a family member.

If you die without a will in place, you die ‘intestate’. As you can see from the following link, this may not be something you want to happen: http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Governmentcitizensandrights/Death/Preparation/DG_10029802

Dying intestate may also have negative inheritance tax consequences and you may want to bear this in mind when planning for your future and for that of your beneficiaries. As we have noted in previous Blogs, there are ways of mitigating an Inheritance Tax liability, such as using the annual gift allowance or using surplus income as a means of making efficient gifts away from your estate, documenting these where appropriate. We would recommend that you take individual advice on this subject if it affects you and would certainly recommend that you seek independent legal advice when drawing up a will for your circumstances. Speak to our own legal adviser/ Solicitor or, if you have not sought advice before, we can refer you to a local solicitor to help you with your needs.

Whilst looking at the issue of wills, I am sure your legal adviser will also raise the subject of achieving a Lasting Power of Attorney at the same time. For information, a Lasting Power of Attorney appoints someone (usually someone you know and trust) to make decisions on your behalf when unable to do so for yourself. It should be noted that it can take up to nine weeks to register a Lasting Power of Attorney. More details of the process can be found at the following link: http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Governmentcitizensandrights/Mentalcapacityandthelaw/Mentalcapacityandplanningahead/DG_186373

The team at Chapters Financial can help you with your Financial Planning and Inheritance Tax Planning and we look forward to working with you. No individual advice has been provided in the content of this blog.

Keith Churchouse, Chartered Financial Planner, Certified Financial Planner
Director, Chapters Financial Limited, High Street, Guildford, Surrey.
Chapters Financial Limited s authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority. Number 402899

Chapters Financial Limited is not responsible for the content of external web pages.

Do you know that the provision of financial advice is changing soon??

The Financial Services Authority's (FSA) Retail Distribution Review (or RDR for Short) has been many months and years in the planning and will be implemented at the very end of 2012. 

Consumers need to be aware that these regulation changes and their effects on the delivery of UK retail financial services to the public will be significant. The FSA has started a process of raising the profile of the changes and we have also started to see the press joining in the process. I have no doubt that there will be much page space allocated to the topic over the autumn and winter months of 2012. It is important that those seeking financial advice know what these changes mean for them and the choices they will be provided into the future. 

The FSA has produced a consumer information document as a guide to the changes and to start the process of educating those seeking financial advice of what to expect in the future. This can be found at the following web-link here:  http://www.fsa.gov.uk/static/pubs/consumer_info/rdr-consumer-guide.pdf

Previously, I have noted these changes in my Blog in April 2012. Entitled 'All change in the delivery of UK financial services' further information can be found at the following Chapters Financial Blog-link: http://www.chaptersfinancial.com/30042012.php

The main headlines of these changes are:

• Two main definitions of financial advice provision. An adviser will either be independent or restricted.
• Financial Advice will be charged for on a fee basis bringing to an end the use of commission.
• A higher level of industry qualification (Level 4 as it is known) will be required from advisers and they will need a Statement of Professional Standing Certificate to provide financial advice.

At Chapters Financial, we have been successfully offering a fee-based model for over 5 years now and plan to continue to offer high quality independent financial advice into the future for both our existing clients and our new enquirers. For information, Keith Churchouse achieved Level 6 qualification in December 2007.

Because each consumer is different, as is their financial planning needs, no individual device has been provided in this Blog. 

Keith G Churchouse, Chartered Financial Planner

Director, Chapters Financial Limited

Chapters Financial Limited is Authorised and Regulated by the Financial Services Authority. Number 402899

Chapters Financial Limited is not responsible for the content of external webpages

Big Bank Downgrades

I am not sure that the 'average person on the omnibus' would have paid attention to the work of credit ratings agencies some ten years ago, or little understood the integral part that they play in steering financial processes, decisions and opinions over time. Names from the US, such as Moody's and Standard and Poors would rarely hit the headlines (either in the press or over household suppers) before the chill winds of change hit global economics in 2008 and thereafter. Over recent years this has changed.

Some of the economic crisis that has unfurled has been partly fuelled by the insatiable global appetite for debt. The 'pass-the-parcel' (of bundled and re-sold debt, buying and selling debt with an appropriate profit margin) approach to banking finance worked well as long as the music kept playing and all the participants were joining in. We have subsequently seen the effects of what happens when the music stops and some players fail (Lehman Brothers as an example). The debt that could always be bundled and passed/sold on leaving bank balance sheets looking healthy could not continue and the system and its effective cash flow collapsed.

The way banks borrow money and its cost to them is usually based on opinions and analysis of their credit-worthiness. In the same way that if you approach a bank for a loan, they will usually 'credit score' your financial circumstances to determine if you are a good risk and what interest rate (based on your risk) they will apply to the cost of the borrowing you want to take on. One way to determine the credit-worthiness of a bank is to look at the rating provided by a ratings agency, such as Moody's or Standard & Poors. This is a little simplistic in its analogy, but the principle is fair, based on the individual banks ability to meet their financial obligations, or an opinion on the credit quality of a debt or bond being issued and its likelihood of default.

On the 21st June 2012, we saw Moody's downgrade 15 Global Banks, including RBS, HSBC and Barclays in the UK and Credit Suisse and Morgan Stanley globally, to reflect the risk they are likely to encounter from volatile capital market activities. The grading system works on a 'Notch' system and one institution saw their rating fall by 3 'notches' in the announcement, after 4 months review analysis. (Notch range from AAA+ to BBB- then 'Junk' status).

What does this mean for the average 'person on the omnibus' we mentioned at the start of this blog? This may mean that the cost of borrowing to the various banks downgraded may well increase. It is unlikely they will suffer this additional cost (they were never charities), preferring to pass it on to their customers in the form of increased mortgage costs, business loan costs and other private lending. It will be interesting to see if the recent announcement by the Bank of England to release to the banks significant capital (£80 Billion) for low(er) cost lending to SME's will be realised. More details on this initiative can be found here: http://www.thefinancepages.co.uk/economics/bank-of-england-lending-scheme/01269/

We do not believe that this is the last set of downgrades to be seen and I am sure we all agree that we are not out of the woods yet when it comes to the end of the recession. Diversifying your assets and capital across more than one institution may be a sensible and prudent measure to protect your holdings from unforeseen future problems in the banking system.

No individual advice has been provided in this blog and if you looking at planning your personal or business finances then please talk to the team at Chapters Financial Limited.

Keith Churchouse FPFS, Chartered Financial Planner

Director, Chapters Financial Limited 

Chapters Financial Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority, Number 402899.  Chapters Financial Limited is not responsible for the content of external web links.

Greater tax take on Estates in 2010/11 / Inheritance Tax Planning

Here's an interesting statistic for you. I was hoping that I could explain why it has happened and what it means. I might be able to make a suggestion on the latter of these points, but possibly not the former.

HMRC released the details of the levels of Inheritance Tax (IHT) receipts received on estates across the UK in the tax year 2010/2011 (in it’s Inheritance Tax Statistics 2008-2009 document/page 4). This notes that Inheritance tax receipts have risen by 14% in this tax year. Admittedly, the amount collected is still below the past peak year of 2007/2008 by some margin (29%), but still interesting to see the amount rising at a time of austerity.

A full link to detail can be found here: http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/stats/inheritance_tax/commentary.pdf

At a time of economic woe, with savings being used to subsidise falling incomes, market volatility and the costs of Long Term Care increasing, some would have that quite the reverse would be the case. Indeed, with pressure on capital seeming to mount, you would have thought that the tax take on estate values would also be in decline.

I am not sure that the statistic can be explained away, however, making a will (a cornerstone of any good financial planning) is a good way of starting your inheritance tax planning.

Some would argue that you can gather whatever information you want from statistics.

Each individual will normally enjoy a nil rate inheritance tax band of (currently) £325,000 in this tax year, 2012/2013. On death an individual can pass this nil rate band to their spouse/ civil partner, allowing the total amount of the nil rate charge inheritance tax band to double to £650,000. Without any additional planning, the balance of any estate above this level will be subject to a tax charge of 40%.

There are ways of mitigating an Inheritance Tax liability, such as using the annual gift allowance or using surplus income as a means of making efficient gifts away from your estate, documenting these where appropriate. We would recommend that you take individual advice on this subject if it affects you and would certainly recommend that you seek independent legal advice when drawing up a will for your circumstances. Speak to our own legal adviser/ Solicitor or, if you have not sought advice before, we can refer you to a local professional to help you with your needs. 

The team at Chapters Financial can help you with your Inheritance Tax Planning and we look forward to looking at your circumstances and the outcomes that you would want to achieve. No individual advice has been provided in the content of this Blog. 

Keith Churchouse, Chartered Financial Planner, Certified Financial Planner
Director, Chapters Financial Limited, Guildford, Surrey.
Chapters Financial Limited s authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority.
Chapters Financial Limited is not responsible for the content of external web pages.

The Queens Jubilees/ An economic comparison

First of all, may I wish Her Majesty the Queen many congratulations on her Diamond Jubilee of her ascension to the throne in 1952. I am one of many who admire her courage and energy in fulfilling her many duties and we are honoured to have her as our Queen.

The preparations for the Diamond Jubilee across the UK are gaining pace with Bunting, flags and homemade crown posters appearing in many villages and street corners. It certainly brightens many communities at a time of austerity and with many families, companies and individuals working hard to make ends meet.

It makes me feel rather nostalgic, as I reminisce about what for me was the last big Jubilee of 1977. To age me, I was 10 at the time and the prospect of a street party was very exciting indeed. With Union Jack hat made, I remember (in true British style) that it poured with rain that afternoon and we moved the party indoors. It did not dampen any spirits and much merriment was had by all. The children filled to the brim with tartrazine (a now well-known orange squash colour additive of the time), they played for hours. All great fun!

Obviously, at the age of 10, it was not my time to understand the detail of what was happening to the economy at that time and have referred back to the history books to investigate this further. We all know that the past is not a guide to the future, however, it nevertheless offers some interesting insight into the time then, and possibly a few comparable’s with what is happening now.

From an economic point of view, the 70's were in general a difficult economic period. With the price of oil reaching (at the time) a peak in 1973, Industrial disruptions and high unemployment to name but a few issues, the background to Her Majesty's Silver Jubilee was not that pretty. Sound familiar? As other points of reference, Labour was in power (with James Callaghan), Jimmy Carter became the 39th President of the United States of America in January, Punks and the Sex Pistols were rebelling at every opportunity and we endured the 'long hot summer of '76' the year before. We had only been in the European Economic Community (as it was known then/Now European Union) at that time in 1973 (Joining in 1973 with the agreement signed by Edward Heath).

But what was happening in the economy in June 1977? I have detailed some of the economic headlines/indices below:

• (RPI) Inflation Rate: 17.7%
• Bank Base Rate (04th May 1977): 8.50%
• UK Unemployment Level: 5.6%
• Dow Jones Index (01 June): Open 898.66,
• Litre of Petrol: 18p a litre (as was Diesel!)
• Gold Price 08/06/1977 per ounce: $142.30
• Average House Price 1977: £13,600
• Price of a Pint of Lager Beer (Probably from a Party 7 tin if you remember those!): 20p
• Price of a loaf of bread: 9p

Sources: Wikipedia, Yahoo, Guardian, AOL, Others

I am sure that these facts and figures will make interesting reading. It is ironic that the gathering of this information was achieved via the internet at the touch of some buttons. You could not have done that in 1977!

And what of the future? Many pundits have suggested that we live in unchartered waters, and I am sure that this will prove (in many quarters) to be true. What we can be certain of is that change will occur, both in personal circumstances/life phases and the economic environment which we live, work and retire in. Seeking independent financial advice on (and reviewing) your financial planning on a regular basis is important in ensuring that you get the best from your finances as times change.

I hope you enjoy the long weekend of the Diamond Jubilee and if you are looking at your financial situation over the summer, then come and speak to Chapters Financial Limited and see how we can help you with your future planning.

Past performance is not a guide to future performance and no individual financial advice has been provided in the content of this blog.

Keith G Churchouse, Chartered Financial Planner
Director, Chapters Financial Limited

Chapters Financial Limited is Authorised and Regulated by the Financial Services Authority. Number 402899

£1,000 a week? How much is the cost of Long Term Care?

The number of Long Term Care enquiries has been climbing significantly over the last few years. We are all living longer and the strains/demands of modern day life certainly seem to be taking its toll on the quality of life that many have in their later years. 

Many enquiries we receive come from those who have received Power of Attorney (or Court of Protection Appointed Deputy) to care for someone’s affairs, either financial or health related, at a time of need. There are two types of Lasting Power of Attorney, namely: 

•         Property and financial affairs

•         Health and welfare

A good example of when advice is needed is when someone enters a care home because they are struggling to look after themselves through failing health. Of course there are other reasons to enter a care home, such as the social aspects of maintaining regular contact in a community. It is at this time that the issue of money and meeting the cost of care becomes very important. 

Attendance Allowance?

The greatest concern (and responsibility) is obviously to meet the costs of any care provided to the person in your care to ensure they are comfortable. You may get some assistance towards costs, such as the Attendance Allowance. There are two levels of tax-free Attendance Allowance (Higher rate currently £77.45 p.w and Lower Rate, currently £51.85 p.w /tax year 2012/2013) and these are detailed further here: http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/MoneyTaxAndBenefits/BenefitsTaxCreditsAndOtherSupport/Disabledpeople/DG_10018710

Financial Assistance?

If the total assets available (including the value of the home) fall below £23,250 (tax year 2012/2013), your local authority may help with care costs, however the cover they provide may not be to the standard or in the location you would prefer. More details can be found here: http://www.moneyadviceservice.org.uk/yourmoney/life_work_and_study/guides/caring_for_someone.aspx

What can it cost?

In my recent experience, many are paying around £1,000 per week for their long term care requirements. It is this somewhat daunting requirement which places much pressure on those appointed as Attorneys to balance the budget in ensuring that any capital available, such as that released from a house sale, is planned carefully to ensure that care is provided both now and into the future. With inflation expected to remain higher than anticipated (see Bank of England May 2012 statement http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/Pages/inflationreport/ir1202.aspx) ,it is also important to build increases in care costs into the financial planning undertaken. 

Variations and the quality of a care facility

I am aware that care cost can vary significantly dependent on where in the UK the care is provided, and you might want to investigate this carefully. Others prefer alternative solutions, such as remaining in their own home, with care being provided there. Whilst assessing the facilities available in your area, you can also look on a provider’s website to see the details of their last Care Quality Commission assessment and its outcome. More details of the work of the Care Quality Commission can be found here: http://www.cqc.org.uk/

Existing Income

Existing income will need to be taken into account, such as that received from (as examples) State pension, private/occupational pension arrangements or investment income. The income tax charge made on this income will also need to be calculated to identify the net income available for care.

The nil rate income tax band increases with age (subject to limits) and again this needs to be taken into account when planning for the provision of care fees.

Providing additional income from capital

One possibly simple way of achieving protection for someone who has recently entered care without any pre-existing protection, is to use an annuity to purchase income. This option has its security, but many find that the initial capital cost can be concerning. Each situation is different and the health of the Attorneys charge may well have a bearing on this decision. Another alternative is to generate additional investment income to help towards costs. This is likely to be subject to the Attorney’s views on investment risk. There are many combinations of plans that can be used to create a suitable solution and the main key is to take independent financial advice as soon as possible to create a plan that can be implemented in a timely fashion to get care costs in check. 

The Standard Financial Planning Rules apply

Emergency Deposit Funds

As with most types of financial planning (and planning for the provision of long term care costs is no different) I would recommend that you maintain an emergency deposit fund for the person in care. This should be a readily accessible cash/deposit type fund to meet any unforeseen costs that may occur. You can still use ISA allowances to enjoy tax efficient returns on cash funds, as an example. 

Will

Make sure there is a Will in place and that it is held securely for future reference.

Record Keeping

I would recommend that records of costs, expenses and income are maintained and that any advice received is maintained and reviewed to ensure that the responsibilities of the Attorney are being met.

Summary

Many new Attorneys and Deputies find the prospect of financial planning to meet care costs a daunting task, usually because of the capital involved and the high income that this needs to be generated to meet on-going care costs. Good quality advice is important in this instance, to ensure that income, and any shortfalls, can be understood and balanced and that this advice should be reviewed regularly. Chapters Financial can help you with this financial planning.

Chapters Financial Limited is not responsible for the content of external web-links. 

No individual financial planning advice has been provided in the content of this blog. You should speak to your own independent financial adviser (IFA) or please contact Chapters Financial Limited on 01483 578800.

Keith G Churchouse FPFS

Director

ISO22222 Certified Financial Planner

Chapters Financial Limited, Guildford, Surrey

Chapters Financial Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority.